Should/Must + Have + PP

All right,

Today we are going to learn a very simple pattern in Persian. See the following examples:

A- I should have known it.

B- You should have known it.

C- He should have told you.

And similar patterns.

In Persian, we have a very simple pattern for this structure. Let’s do it step by step.

1- Find the main verb in your sentence. (In the above sentences, Know and Tell are main verbs).

2- Change the main verb into Simple Past tense (EX: To know [something] = /da:nestæn/. Delete /nu:n/, and you will have /da:nest/, which is in simple past tense). Or, (To Tell = /goftæn/. Delete /nu:n/, and you will have /goft/, which is in simple past tense).

3- Put /mi/ before this simple past tense. (Ex: /mi da:nest/ – OR /mi goft/).

4- Look at the Subject, and put the appropriate suffix at the end of your verb. (Ex: If the subject is ‘I’, put /mim/ at the end of your verb. If the subject is ‘You’, put /i:/ at the end of your verb. If the subject is ‘He’, put nothing at the end of your verb). As for the above examples: /mi da:nestæm/ – /mi gofti/.

5- Put the word /ba:yæd/ before your verb.

That’s it. Finished!

A- I should have known it. /ba:yæd mi da:nestæm/.

B- You should have known it. /ba:yæd mi da:nesti/.

C- He should have told you. /ba:yæd beh shoma: mi goft/.

NOTE: In sentence C above, you already know that Objects come before verbs in Persian since verbs come at the end of your sentences. Right?

Ok, please go to Useful Drills page to practice more.

See you next week!

Quiz:
1- Listen to the audio files first (preferably once). Repeat it for a couple of times. Write it down on a paper. Find their English equivalents. (Seen)

One

One

Two

Two

Three

Three

2- Find the Persian equivalent for the following words and make four sentences with each of them (in different tenses).

To talk to somebody

To introduce

To arrest

On TV

3- Say these numbers in Persian:

91 – 19 – 119 – 911 – 919 – 991 – 109 – 190 – 910

4- Follow the examples, combine the letters, and make words using the given letters. You’ll have to change the big letters into the small ones whenever needed.

Friend <= /du:st/ < ==

Book <= /keta:b/ < ==

To speak < ==

To repair < ==

To meet < ==

To teach < ==

To speak =